http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/8 Interdiscipline 2025-01-30T22:39:26Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/731891 Title: 生成式人工智能会如何改变教育——基于自动化视角的分析 Authors: 乐惠骁; 汪琼 Abstract: 研究回顾了20世纪工业自动化浪潮对教育领域的影响，借鉴当时工业自动化进程中的相关研究发现，借此审视当下人工智能技术迅猛发展对教育所带来的挑战。特别是针对生成式人工智能技术能够执行非程式化任务这一新特点，分析其对劳动力市场人才需求、学校教育目标以及教师岗位责任的影响。研究表明，生成式人工智能的出现可能标志着bob手机客户端网页登录入口 自动化进程的正式开启，对智能自动化影响教育发展的预判可以沿袭工业自动化时期的研究路径，在核心素养框架之中侧重人机协同能力培养，发展终身学习的思维与能力。此外，智能自动化也将推动各级各类教育的定位发生转变。; 研究回顾了20世纪工业自动化浪潮对教育领域的影响，借鉴当时工业自动化进程中的相关研究发现，借此审视当下人工智能技术迅猛发展对教育所带来的挑战。特别是针对生成式人工智能技术能够执行非程式化任务这一新特点，分析其对劳动力市场人才需求、学校教育目标以及教师岗位责任的影响。研究表明，生成式人工智能的出现可能标志着bob手机客户端网页登录入口 自动化进程的正式开启，对智能自动化影响教育发展的预判可以沿袭工业自动化时期的研究路径，在核心素养框架之中侧重人机协同能力培养，发展终身学习的思维与能力。此外，智能自动化也将推动各级各类教育的定位发生转变。 2024-12-20T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/731797 Title: Orthogonal RNA replication enables directed evolution and Darwinian adaptation in mammalian cells Authors: Ma, Liang; Lin, Yihan Abstract: Directed evolution in mammalian cells offers a powerful approach for advancing synthetic biology applications. However, existing mammalian-based directed evolution methods face substantial bottlenecks, including host genome interference, small library size and uncontrolled mutagenesis. Here we engineered an orthogonal alphaviral RNA replication system to evolve RNA-based devices, enabling RNA replicase-assisted continuous evolution (REPLACE) in proliferating mammalian cells. This system generates a large, continuously diversified library of replicative RNAs through replicase-limited mode of replication and inducible mutagenesis. Using REPLACE, we engineered fluorescent proteins and transcription factors. Notably, cells equipped with REPLACE can undergo Darwinian adaptation, allowing them to evolve in response to both cell-extrinsic and cell-intrinsic challenges. Collectively, this work establishes a powerful platform for advancing mammalian synthetic biology and cell engineering applications through directed evolution. 2025-01-03T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/731793 Title: Origin and evolution of auxin- mediated acid growth Authors: Zeng, Hai Yue; Deng, Shiyu; Jin, Congcong; Shang, Zhiyun; Chang, Le; Wang, Jiajun; Han, Xue; Wang, Ao; Jin, Dan; Wang, Yubo; He, Hang; Li, Lanxin; Deng, Xing Wang; Wei, Ning Abstract: The classical acid growth theory suggests that auxin stimulates cell expansion by triggering apoplast acidification via plasma membrane (PM)- localized H+- ATPase. Here, we reconstructed the origin and evolutionary history of auxin- mediated acid growth. Comparative phylogenomic analysis showed that most core components of acid growth originated in Charophyta and then underwent subclass expansion and functional innovation during plant terrestrialization. In Charophyceae algae Chara braunii, we found that PM H+- ATPase has formed a core regulatory module with TMK and PP2C.D, which can be activated by photosynthesis- dependent phosphorylation through light rather than auxin. Despite the lack of canonical auxin receptor TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1/AUXIN SIGNALING F- BOX (TIR1/AFB), auxin elicits significant internodal elongation and transcriptional reprogramming in C. braunii, implying the existence of an ancient auxin- mediated growth mechanism. We propose that the evolution of acid growth represents a neofunctional adaptation to terrestrial environments, in which PM H+- ATPase in carbon concentrating for photosynthesis was utilized to acidify apoplast for cell expansion, and the core components responsible for acid growth eventually established a regulatory network in land plants by connecting with the TIR1/ AFB pathway. 2024-12-17T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/731763 Title: Tertiary Lymphoid Structures are Linked to Enhanced Antitumor Immunity and Better Prognosis in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Authors: Lin, Jiaxing; Jiang, Shan; Chen, Baoqiang; Du, Yiqing; Qin, Caipeng; Song, Yuxuan; Peng, Yun; Ding, Mengting; Wu, Jilin; Lin, Yihan; Xu, Tao Abstract: The prognosis for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) remains poor, and reliable prognostic markers have yet to be identified. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) have been associated with favorable outcomes in certain cancers. However, the relationship between TLS and MIBC remains unclear. A multi-omics approach is utilized, leveraging single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, bulk RNA sequencing, and immunohistochemistry, to investigate the roles of B cells and TLS in MIBC. These findings indicate that elevated levels of B cells and TLS correlate with improved prognoses in patients with MIBC, aligning with the robust antitumor immune responses observed in the TLS region. From a mechanistic perspective, CXCL13 serves as a critical cytokine for TLS formation in MIBC, primarily secreted by clonally expanded CXCL13+ T cells. This cytokine interacts with the CXCR5 receptor on NR4A2+ B cells, promoting TLS development. Plasma cells arising within the TLS microenvironment predominantly produce the IGHG antibody, potentially enhancing the phagocytic capabilities of C1QC+ macrophages. From an application standpoint, a TLS-specific gene signature is developed that effectively predicts outcomes in MIBC and other cancers. This study highlights the prognostic potential of TLS in MIBC and reveals immune mechanisms, offering insights for personalized treatment strategies. 2024-12-30T00:00:00Z