The collection of GIS data contains：
1. GIS spatial data in public fields
2. Conversion of the existing data, such as converting AutoCAD data to ArcGIS data
3. Vectorization of digital satellite images or digital orthophotographs such as google earth
4. Vectorization on the basis of scanned paper maps or downloaded digital map files
5. Locating XY Coordinates by address or name, and then creating GIS data
6. Field investigation, for example, GPS data
Historical Toponyms Database of China：http://www.histchina.com/
China Historical GIS：https://sites.fas.harvard.edu/~chgis/
National Foundation GIS：http://nfgis.nsdi.gov.cn/
English